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muon    
n. ｇ粒子(中间子)

ｇ粒子(中间子)

muon
n 1: an elementary particle with a negative charge and a half-
life of 2 microsecond; decays to electron and neutrino and
antineutrino [synonym: {muon}, {negative muon}, {mu-meson}]

Meson \Mes"on\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. me`son middle, neut. of me`sos,
a., middle.]
1. (Anat.) The mesial plane dividing the body of an animal
into similar right and left halves. The line in which it
meets the dorsal surface has been called the dorsimeson,
and the corresponding ventral edge the ventrimeson. --B.
G. Wilder.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Physics) An elementary particle made up of two quarks; a
hadron having a baryon number of zero; any hadron other
than a baryon. Mesons are bosons with integral values of
spin, having a mass intermediate between those of the
electron and a nucleon; they may have positive or negative
charges, or may be neutral. Mesons are of three types: the
{pion} ([pi]-meson), {kaon} (K-mesons), and
{[eta]-mesons}.
[PJC]

{mu meson} (Physics) the former name for the {muon}, a
particle which is not a true meson[2]. The term is no
longer used in technical literature, except historically.
[PJC]


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  • Muon: 新一代神经网络优化器 - 知乎
    这种“为不同网络模块定制优化器”的理念正是深度学习优化最新趋势的一部分。 Muon 优化器聚焦于二维权重矩阵参数 （例如全连接层的权重矩阵或卷积核张量展平后的矩阵），通过对这些矩阵形式的梯度更新进行特殊处理，以提升优化效果
  • Muon - Wikipedia
    It is classified as a lepton As with other leptons, the muon is not thought to be composed of any constituent particles The muon is an unstable subatomic particle with a mean lifetime of 2 2 μs
  • Muon续集：为什么我们选择尝试Muon？ - 科学空间|Scientific Spaces
    优化器的工作说多不多，但说少也不少，为什么我们会选择Muon来作为新的尝试方向呢？ 已经调好超参的Adam优化器，怎么快速切换到Muon上进行尝试呢？ 模型Scale上去之后，Muon与Adam的性能效果差异如何？ 接下来将分享我们的思考过程。 优化原理 #
  • [2502. 16982] Muon is Scalable for LLM Training - arXiv. org
    We identify two crucial techniques for scaling up Muon: (1) adding weight decay and (2) carefully adjusting the per-parameter update scale These techniques allow Muon to work out-of-the-box on large-scale training without the need of hyper-parameter tuning
  • Muon | Elementary particle, Lepton, Weak interaction | Britannica
    Muon, elementary subatomic particle similar to the electron but 207 times heavier It has two forms, the negatively charged muon and its positively charged antiparticle
  • Muon 优化器学习笔记：原理、推导与实践 - 知乎
    如果我们希望通过 x 的范数和 \rho (\Delta W) 来严格控制 \lVert y \rVert （即控制激活值的变化幅度，避免爆炸），最准确的 \rho 就是 谱范数。 因此， Muon 本质上是谱范数约束下的最速下降算法。
  • Muon — PyTorch 2. 11 documentation
    Note that Muon is an optimizer for 2D parameters of neural network hidden layers Other parameters, such as bias, and embedding, should be optimized by a standard method such as AdamW
  • About Muons – MuonSources
    The muon technique involves implanting spin-polarised positive muons into a material, where they undergo decay and release positrons The positrons are analysed to understand the muon’s behaviour inside the material – particularly how the muon polarisation changed within the sample
  • What are muons? What is muon science? - Cambridge University Press . . .
    Scientific research using the fundamental particle known as the muon depends upon the muon’s basic particle properties and also on the microscopic (atomic-level) interactions of muons with surrounding particles such as nuclei, electrons, atoms, and molecules
  • Muons: The Subatomic Particles Shaking Up the World of Physics
    That would be the muon, a particle first discovered in the late 1930s, which is formed in nature when cosmic rays strike particles in our planet's atmosphere Muons are passing through you and everything around you at a speed close to that of light





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