英文字典中文字典


英文字典中文字典51ZiDian.com



中文字典辞典   英文字典 a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m   n   o   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z       







请输入英文单字，中文词皆可：

monad    音标拼音: [m'onæd]
n. 单位,单一体,单细胞生物

单位,单一体,单细胞生物

monad
一元

monad
n 1: (chemistry) an atom having a valence of one
2: a singular metaphysical entity from which material properties
are said to derive [synonym: {monad}, {monas}]
3: (biology) a single-celled microorganism (especially a
flagellate protozoan)

Monad \Mon"ad\, n. [L. monas, -adis, a unit, Gr. ?, ?, fr.
mo`nos alone.]
1. An ultimate atom, or simple, unextended point; something
ultimate and indivisible.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Philos. of Leibnitz) The elementary and indestructible
units which were conceived of as endowed with the power to
produce all the changes they undergo, and thus determine
all physical and spiritual phenomena.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Zool.) One of the smallest flagellate Infusoria; esp.,
the species of the genus {Monas}, and allied genera.
[1913 Webster]

4. (Biol.) A simple, minute organism; a primary cell, germ,
or plastid.
[1913 Webster]

5. (Chem.) An atom or radical whose valence is one, or which
can combine with, be replaced by, or exchanged for, one
atom of hydrogen.
[1913 Webster]

{Monad deme} (Biol.), in tectology, a unit of the first order
of individuality.
[1913 Webster]

63 Moby Thesaurus words for "monad":
I, ace, air, an existence, atom, atomic particles, being, body,
brute matter, building block, chemical element, component,
constituent, creature, critter, earth, electron, element,
elementary particle, elementary unit, entelechy, entity, fire,
fundamental particle, hyle, hypostasis, individual, ion, life,
material, material world, materiality, matter, meson, molecule,
natural world, nature, no other, none else, nothing else,
nought beside, nuclear particle, object, one, one and only,
organism, person, persona, personality, physical world, plenum,
proton, quark, something, soul, stuff, substance, substratum,
the four elements, thing, unit, unit of being, water

/mo'nad/ A technique from
{category theory} which has been adopted as a way of dealing
with {state} in {functional programming languages} in such a
way that the details of the state are hidden or abstracted out
of code that merely passes it on unchanged.

A monad has three components: a means of augmenting an
existing type, a means of creating a default value of this new
type from a value of the original type, and a replacement for
the basic application operator for the old type that works
with the new type.

The alternative to passing state via a monad is to add an
extra argument and return value to many functions which have
no interest in that state. Monads can encapsulate state, side
effects, exception handling, global data, etc. in a purely
lazily functional way.

A monad can be expressed as the triple, (M, unitM, bindM)
where M is a function on types and (using {Haskell} notation):

unitM :: a -> M a
bindM :: M a -> (a -> M b) -> M b

I.e. unitM converts an ordinary value of type a in to monadic
form and bindM applies a function to a monadic value after
de-monadising it. E.g. a state transformer monad:

type S a = State -> (a, State)
unitS a = \ s0 -> (a, s0)
m `bindS` k = \ s0 -> let (a,s1) = m s0
in k a s1

Here unitS adds some initial state to an ordinary value and
bindS applies function k to a value m. (`fun` is Haskell
notation for using a function as an {infix} operator). Both m
and k take a state as input and return a new state as part of
their output. The construction

m `bindS` k

composes these two state transformers into one while also
passing the value of m to k.

Monads are a powerful tool in {functional programming}. If a
program is written using a monad to pass around a variable
(like the state in the example above) then it is easy to
change what is passed around simply by changing the monad.
Only the parts of the program which deal directly with the
quantity concerned need be altered, parts which merely pass it
on unchanged will stay the same.

In functional programming, unitM is often called initM or
returnM and bindM is called thenM. A third function, mapM is
frequently defined in terms of then and return. This applies
a given function to a list of monadic values, threading some
variable (e.g. state) through the applications:

mapM :: (a -> M b) -> [a] -> M [b]
mapM f [] = returnM []
mapM f (x:xs) = f x `thenM` ( \ x2 ->
mapM f xs `thenM` ( \ xs2 ->
returnM (x2 : xs2) ))

(2000-03-09)


请选择你想看的字典辞典：
单词字典翻译
monad查看　monad　在百度字典中的解释百度英翻中〔查看〕
monad查看　monad　在Google字典中的解释Google英翻中〔查看〕
monad查看　monad　在Yahoo字典中的解释Yahoo英翻中〔查看〕

安装中文字典英文字典查询工具!


中文字典英文字典工具:
选择颜色:
输入中英文单字

































































英文字典中文字典相关资料:


  • Home | Microsoft Careers
    When you join Microsoft, you’re not just stepping into a job— you’re stepping into a mission-driven company where purpose is at the heart of everything we do Our mission—to empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more—isn’t just words It’s our foundation It’s what sets us apart
  • Jobs in Tokyo | Microsoft Careers
    Microsoft is a company where passionate innovators come to collaborate, envision what can be and take their careers further This is a world of more possibilities, more innovation, more openness, and the sky is the limit thinking in a cloud-enabled world
  • Jobs in Bengaluru | Microsoft Careers
    Microsoft Bengaluru (Bangalore) invites employees to follow their professional and cultural individual passions while building careers in engineering, research, global delivery, customer experience and support, and sales and marketing, among others Reflecting the region’s cultural heritage, the Bengaluru offices have a wide range of inclusive and accessible workspaces that are designed to
  • Professions | Microsoft Careers
    Do what you love Create the future you want Explore the career options that Microsoft has to offer Stage
  • Jobs in India | Microsoft Careers
    At Microsoft India you can find exciting careers ranging from research and global delivery to technical support, cloud services and solutions, product development and everything else in-between Our teams are enabling organizations across India to accelerate digital transformation We're present across five locations: Bengaluru, Gurugram, Hyderabad, Mumbai, and Noida Come and team up with the
  • Search Jobs | Microsoft Careers
    Search Jobs | Microsoft Careers
  • Jobs in Israel | Microsoft Careers
    Israel Microsoft’s Israel offices are in Herzliya, Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Nazareth Collectively, the offices host a wide variety of software and hardware development domains including cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and business intelligence, alongside sales and marketing
  • Datacenters | Microsoft Careers
    Do what you love Create the future you want Explore the career options that Microsoft has to offer Stage
  • Jobs in Munich | Microsoft Careers
    Do what you love Create the future you want Explore the career options that Microsoft has to offer Stage
  • Jobs in Seattle | Microsoft Careers
    Redmond is where it all started for Microsoft And Microsoft, in turn, has played a significant role in the development of the Seattle area The commute to work is made easy with Wi-Fi powered shuttles, and once on campus the lunch options are nearly endless with more than two dozen world-class cafes and restaurants On any given day, employees can be seen using one of multiple sports areas





中文字典-英文字典  2005-2009